Fig. 5

In vitro antitumor efficacy of DTX and its nanoformulations. A Flow cytometry analysis of HGC-27 cell apoptosis after treatment with DTX or its nanoformulations. (i) Control, (ii) DTX, (iii) DTX/CA-Oxi-αCD NPs, (iv) DTX/FA-CA-Oxi-αCD NPs. The same as in the following description. B Percentage of HGC-27 cell apoptosis shown in A. C Images of 3D tumor spheroids after incubation with DTX and its nanoformulations; the scale bar represents 200 μm. a, 2 ng/mL DTX; b, 5 ng/mL DTX. D Growth curves of tumor spheroids after treatment with DTX or its nanoformulations. a, 2 ng/mL DTX; b, 5 ng/mL DTX. E Western blot analysis of the Bcl-2 and cleaved-caspase-3 protein in HGC-27 cells subjected to different treatments. F Semiquantitative analysis of Bcl-2 and cleaved-caspase-3 protein expression in HGC-27 cells subjected to various treatments. *, significantly different at p < 0.05; **, significantly different at p < 0.01; ***, significantly different at p < 0.001; ****, significantly different at p < 0.0001