Table 1 Comparison between the colon tissue necrosis, mitotic, and Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACFs) indices of the different groups against placebo

Necrosis Mean Differences (95% CI)

Placebo

–

 − 0.10 (− 1.38, 1.18)

0.90 (− 0.38, 2.18)

0.40 (− 0.88, 1.68)

0.70 (− 0.58, 1.98)

1.00 (− 0.28, 2.28)

Nanocarrier

0.10 (− 1.18, 1.38)

–

1.00 (− 0.28, 2.28)

0.50 (− 0.78, 1.78)

0.80 (− 0.48, 2.08)

1.10 (− 0.18, 2.38)

5-FU

 − 0.90 (− 2.18, 0.38)

 − 1.00 (− 2.28, 0.28)

–

 − 0.50 (− 1.78, 0.78)

 − 0.20 (− 1.48, 1.08)

0.10 (− 1.18, 1.38)

BA-Ex

 − 0.40 (− 1.68, 0.88)

 − 0.50 (− 1.78, 0.78)

0.50 (− 0.78, 1.78)

–

0.30 (− 0.98, 1.58)

0.60 (− 0.68, 1.88)

Nano-BA-Ex

 − 0.70 (− 1.98, 0.58)

 − 0.80 (− 2.08, 0.48)

0.20 (− 1.08, 1.48)

 − 0.30 (− 1.58, 0.98)

–

0.30 (− 0.98, 1.58)

Nano-BA-Ex/5-FU

 − 1.00 (− 2.28, 0.28)

 − 1.10 (− 2.38, 0.18)

 − 0.10 (− 1.38, 1.18)

 − 0.60 (− 1.88, 0.68)

 − 0.30 (− 1.58, 0.98)

–

Mitosis mean differences (95% CI)

Placebo

–

0.50 (− 3.22, 4.22)

6.10 (2.38, 9.82)

5.00 (1.28, 8.72)

7.70 (3.98, 11.42)

9.30 (5.58, 13.02)

Nanocarrier

 − 0.50 (− 4.22, 3.22)

–

5.60 (1.88, 9.32)

4.50 (0.78, 8.22)

7.20 (3.48, 10.92)

8.80 (5.08, 12.52)

5-FU

 − 6.10 (− 9.82, − 2.38)

 − 5.60 (− 9.32, − 1.88)

-

 − 1.10 (− 4.82, 2.62)

1.60 (− 2.12, 5.32)

3.20 (− 0.52, 6.92)

BA-Ex

 − 5.00 (− 8.72, − 1.28)

 − 4.50 (− 8.22, − 0.78)

1.10 (− 2.62, 4.82)

–

2.70 (− 1.02, 6.42)

4.300 (0.58, 8.02)

Nano-BA-Ex

 − 7.70 (− 11.42, − 3.98)

 − 7.20 (− 10.92, − 3.48)

 − 1.60 (− 5.32, 2.12)

 − 2.70 (− 6.42, 1.02)

–

1.60 (− 2.12, 5.32)

Nano-BA-Ex/5-FU

 − 9.30 (− 13.02, − 5.58)

 − 8.80 (− 12.52, − 5.08)

 − 3.20 (− 6.92, 0.52)

 − 4.300* (− 8.02, − 0.58)

 − 1.60 (− 5.32, 2.12)

–

ACF mean differences (95% CI)

Placebo

–

1.00 (− 3.90, 5.90)

12.10 (7.20, 17.00)

9.20 (4.30, 14.10)

17.60 (12.70, 22.50)

18.50 (13.60, 23.40)

Nanocarrier

 − 1.00 (− 5.90, 3.90)

–

11.10 (6.20, 16.00)

8.20 (3.30, 13.10)

16.60 (11.70, 21.50)

17.50 (12.60, 22.40)

5-FU

 − 12.10 (− 17.00, − 7.20)

 − 11.10 (− 16.00, − 6.20)

–

 − 2.90 (− 7.80, 2.00)

5.50 (0.60, 10.40)

6.40 (1.50, 11.30)

BA-Ex

 − 9.20 (− 14.10, − 4.30)

 − 8.20 (− 13.10, − 3.30)

2.90 (− 2.00, 7.80)

–

8.40 (3.50, 13.30)

9.30 (4.40, 14.20)

Nano-BA-Ex

 − 17.60 (− 22.50, − 12.70)

 − 16.60 (− 21.50, − 11.70)

 − 5.50 (− 10.40, − 0.60)

 − 8.40 (− 13.30, − 3.50)

-

0.90 (− 4.00, 5.80)

Nano-BA-Ex/5-FU

 − 18.50 (− 23.40, − 13.60)

 − 17.50 (− 22.40, − 12.60)

 − 6.40 (− 11.30, − 1.50)

 − 9.30 (− 14.20, − 4.40)

 − 0.90 (− 5.80, 4.00)

–