Fig. 6
Annexin V/PI staining for apoptosis in FaDu (a, d), CAL27 (b, c) and CAL33 (e, f) cells treated with AuNPs (100 μg), atovaquone (AQ 30 μM) or radiation (4 Gy) or the combination. Cells were maintained under atmospheric oxygen conditions (21% O2—panels a, b and c) or hypoxia (0.5% O2—panels d, e and f). Data presented are from at least three independent replicates performed in triplicate ± SEM. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test was used to compare within different treatments, significant differences are represented by *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, respectively