Fig. 7

The mode of action of empty and DOX-loaded polymeric nanoparticles against estrogen depends on breast cancer cells. The effect of tested compounds on cell cycle distribution in human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line is presented. Unstimulated cells (A) and cells exposed to DOX 0.5 µM (B), PNP3 (C), PNP3_DOX (D), PNP4 (E), PNP4_DOX (F), PNP5 (G), PNP5_DOX (H) were analyzed by DNA flow cytometry. LDH release from estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells (I) in the presence of the empty and DOX-loaded polymeric nanoparticles at the concentration of 0.5 mg mL⁻¹ in comparison to free DOX 0.5 µM, Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after treatment by bare and DOX-loaded polymeric nanoparticles at the concentration of 0.5 mg mL⁻¹ in comparison to free DOX 0.5 µM (J). Statistical significance for the polymeric nanoparticles without or with DOX or DOX in free form vs control was marked with (*); comparison of DOX (0.5 µM) in free vs encapsulated form PNP-DOX marked with (^) p ≤ 0.05. The data presented constitute average results from three measurements ± SD